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Bratislava (; ; also known by other alternative names) is the capital of Slovakia, and with a population of about 500,000, the country's largest city. The greater metropolitan area is home to more than 650,000 people. Bratislava is in southwestern Slovakia, occupying both banks of the River Danube and the left bank of the River Morava. Bordering Austria and Hungary, it is the only national capital that borders two independent countries. Bratislava is the political, cultural and economic centre of Slovakia. It is the seat of the Slovak president, the parliament and the Slovak Executive. It is home to several universities, museums, theatres, galleries and other important cultural and educational institutions. Many of Slovakia's large businesses and financial institutions also have headquarters there. The history of the city has been strongly influenced by people of different nations and religions, namely by Austrians, Czechs, Hungarians, Jews, Serbs and Slovaks (in alphabetical order).〔 〕 The city was the capital of the Kingdom of Hungary, a part of the larger Habsburg Monarchy territories, from 1536 to 1783 and has been home to many Slovak, Hungarian and German historical figures. ==Etymology== The city received its contemporary name in 1919. Beforehand it was mostly known in English by its German name, ''Pressburg'', as it was long dominated by Austrians and German speakers. This is the term which the German, the pre-1919 Slovak (''Prešporok'') and Czech (''Prešpurk'') names are derived from.〔 The origin of the city's Hungarian name, ''Pozsony'', is unclear: it might come from the Hungarian ''Poson'' (name of the city's first castellan), the Czech ''Pos'' or the German ''Poscho'', which are personal names. Hungarian speakers still use the Hungarian name, Pozsony.〔 The medieval settlement ''Brezalauspurc'' (literally: Braslav's castle) is sometimes attributed to Bratislava, however the actual location of Brezalauspurc is under scholarly debate. The city's modern name is credited to Pavel Jozef Šafárik's misinterpretation of ''Braslav'' as ''Bratislav'' when analyzing medieval sources, thus coming up with the term ''Břetislaw'', later ''Bratislav''. During the revolution of 1918–1919, the name 'Wilsonov' or 'Wilsonstadt' (after President Woodrow Wilson) was proposed by American Slovaks, as he supported national self-determination. The name ''Bratislava'', which was used before only by some Slovak patriots, became official in March 1919.〔Pieter C. van Duin. (''Central European Crossroads: Social Democracy and National Revolution in Bratislava (Pressburg), 1867–1921'' )〕 Other alternative names of the city in the past: Greek: Ιστρόπολις ''Istropolis'' (meaning "Danube City", also used in Latin), (チェコ語:Prešpurk), (フランス語:Presbourg), (イタリア語:Presburgo), (ラテン語:Posonium), (クロアチア語:Požun), (ルーマニア語、モルドバ語():Pojon), (セルビア語:''Požun/ Пожун''). The name Pressburg was also used in English-language publications until 1919, and it is occasionally used today. In older documents, confusion can be caused by the Latin forms ''Bratislavia, Wratislavia'' etc., which refer to Wrocław, Poland – not to Bratislava. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bratislava」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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